Reading Time: 16 minutesBrain tissue is lacking in lymphatic vessels, necessitating a specialized system, known as the glymphatic system, for the delivery, transport, and removal of various components contained in cerebrospinal fluid (1, 2). The cerebrospinal fluid enters and circulates throughout the brain aided by cardiac-driven arterial pulsations. Astrocytes not only govern vascular tone, but…

Reading Time: 10 minutesBranched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) comprise the essential amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. BCAA metabolism is unique in that it bypasses first-pass metabolism through the liver. BCAAs are instead taken up by peripheral tissues and metabolized locally. BCAAs are well recognized for their robust activation of of mammalian target of rapamycin complex…

Reading Time: 5 minutesAccumulating evidence points to the mitigation of cellular senescence as a critical component of prolonged health span. As discussed in previous posts, cellular senescence is characterized by a state of cell-cycle arrest induced by myriad stressors, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial impairment. Transient, adaptive senescence is pivotal during times…

Reading Time: 7 minutesCreatine is an extensively researched molecule playing a critical role in the phosphocreatine (ATP-PCr) energy system. Historically lauded as an ergogenic aid, creatine’s benefits have since expanded to general health aspects, including bone metabolism, cognitive performance, and immune regulation. Creatine can be synthesized endogenously through the kidney-liver axis from arginine, glycine, and…